Uveitis is inflammation inside the eye, specifically affecting the uvea: the middle layer that includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. If left untreated, uveitis may lead to long-term complications and reduced vision acuity. Luckily, a comprehensive eye exam by an experienced optometrist at Laurier Optical can help to diagnose and treat the condition early, minimizing long-term damage.

What Causes Uveitis?

Uveitis can be caused by autoimmune conditions (like rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease), infections (viral or bacterial), or eye injuries. “Idiopathic” uveitis is also not uncommon, meaning it does not have a single clear cause.

The 4 Types of Uveitis

1. Anterior Uveitis

Affecting the front part of the eye (particularly, the iris), anterior uveitis is the most common type of this condition. The symptom onset is sudden and may include redness, eye pain, light sensitivity, and blurred vision. The good news is that prompt treatment with prescription eye drops can help to manage and treat anterior uveitis without lasting damage.

2. Intermediate Uveitis

Intermediate uveitis affects the middle portion of the eye, primarily the vitreous gel. Symptoms include floaters or gradual changes in vision, rather than pain or redness. It is more frequently seen in younger adults and can be associated with autoimmune or inflammatory conditions. Ongoing monitoring is important, as inflammation can persist or recur.

3. Posterior Uveitis

Often caused by infections or systemic inflammatory diseases, posterior uveitis affects the back of the eye, including the retina or choroid. Common symptoms include decreased vision, floaters, or distorted central vision. Because it can directly affect the retina, posterior uveitis requires careful management to prevent permanent vision loss.

4. Panuveitis

Panuveitis occurs when inflammation affects all layers of the uvea. Symptoms may combine features of anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis. This form is generally more serious and often requires comprehensive treatment, sometimes involving oral medications or specialist referral. With panuveitis, early diagnosis and medical care are critical to reduce complications and prevent lasting damage.

Why an Eye Exam Matters

Uveitis can’t (and shouldn’t) be self-diagnosed. Symptoms can resemble those of other eye conditions, such as conjunctivitis or dry eye, and the condition cannot be identified by a visual exam alone. During a comprehensive eye exam, optometrists use specialized instruments and imaging to detect inflammation and assess internal eye structures. Accurate diagnosis ensures appropriate treatment and, if necessary, referral.

When to Seek Care

In most situations, uveitis can be treated without long-term complications, especially when identified early. If you experience persistent redness, eye pain, light sensitivity, floaters, or vision changes, book an eye exam at Laurier Optical. Our trained optometrists will conduct a thorough examination, identify the cause of your eye troubles, and prescribe effective, evidence-based treatment.